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Madagascar

Location

  • Geographical region: Sub-Saharan Africa, Africa
  • SDG region: SDG Sub-Saharan Africa
  • Least Developed Countries

Land

  • Total area: --- km2
  • Land area: 581,800 km(2020)
  • Land use by sector: 70% agriculture, 21% forest and 9% other (2018 - 2020)

People

  • Total population: 29,611,714 people (2022)
  • Population density: 48 people per km2 (2020)  
  • Urbanisation: 36% lives in urban areas and 57% lives in rural areas (2020)  

Economy

  • Total GDP: 40,535,912,001 USD per year (2020)
  • GDP per capita: 1,369 USD per year (2020)
  • Value added by sector: 25% from agriculture, 50% from services and 22% from industry (2020 - 2022)
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SDG 6 snapshot in Madagascar

  • Drinking water

    22 % of the population in Madagascar uses a safely managed drinking water service (SDG indicator 6.1.1, 2022)
  • Sanitation

    12 % of the population in Madagascar uses a safely managed sanitation service (SDG indicator 6.2.1a, 2022)
  • Hygiene

    23 % of the population in Madagascar has a handwashing facility with soap and water available at home (SDG indicator 6.2.1b, 2022)
  • Wastewater

    11 % of domestic wastewater in Madagascar is safely treated (SDG indicator 6.3.1, 2022)
  • Water quality

    91 % of monitored water bodies in Madagascar has good ambient water quality (SDG indicator 6.3.2, 2023)
  • Efficiency

    1 $/m<sup>3</sup> is the value added from the use of water by people and the economy in Madagascar (SDG indicator 6.4.1, 2021)
  • Water stress

    11 % of the renewable water resources in Madagascar is being withdrawn, after taking into account environmental flow requirements (SDG indicator 6.4.2, 2021)
  • Water management

    39 % is the degree of implementation of integrated water resources management in Madagascar (SDG indicator 6.5.1, 2023) 
  • Transboundary

    --- % of transboundary basin area has an operational arrangement for water cooperation (SDG indicator 6.5.2, 2023)
  • Ecosystems

    8 % of the water basins in Madagascar is experiencing rapid changes in the area covered by surface waters (SDG 6 indicator 6.6.1, 2020)
  • Cooperation

    43 m$ is the amount of water- and sanitation-related official development assistance received by Madagascar in 2022 (SDG indicator 6.a.1)
  • Participation

    + is the number of sub-sectors (out of 6) with a high level of participation by communities in Madagascar (SDG indicator 6.b.1, 2021)

Drinking water

6.1.1 Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services in Madagascar, progress over time

6.1.1 Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services in Madagascar, by service level and location (2022)

Sanitation and hygiene

6.2.1a Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services in Madagascar, progress over time

6.2.1a Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services in Madagascar, by service level and location (2022)

6.2.1b Proportion of population with a handwashing facility with soap and water available at home in Madagascar, by service level and location (2022)

Water quality and wastewater

6.3.1 Proportion of wastewater flow (safely) treated > Domestic in Madagascar (2022), compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

6.3.1 Proportion of wastewater flow (safely) treated in Madagascar, by source (2022)

6.3.2 Level 1 Proportion of bodies of water with good ambient water quality in Madagascar (2020-2023), compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

Water use and scarcity

Water resources and withdrawal in Madagascar, total and per capita

Long-term average annual precipitation in depth: 1,513 (mm/year) (2020)

Renewable water resources: 13,179 m3 per capita (2017)

Water withdrawal: 698 m3 per capita (2006)

Environmental flow requirements: % of the renewable water resources ()

6.4.2 Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources in Madagascar, change over time, compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

6.4.1 Change in water-use efficiency over time in Madagascar, by sector (2020)

Water-use efficiency for ‘Agriculture, forestry and fishing’ only takes into account the proportion of gross value added that comes from irrigated agriculture, since that activity is associated with water withdrawal (other activities are rain-fed).

6.4.1 Change in water-use efficiency over time in Madagascar, progress over time, compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

Water resources management

6.5.1 Degree of integrated water resources management implementation (0-100) in Madagascar, progress over time, by dimension

Very low (0-10) – Low (11-30) – Medium-low (31-50) – Medium-high (51-70) – High (71-90) – Very high (91-100)

6.5.2 Proportion of transboundary basin area with an operational arrangement for water cooperation in Madagascar, progress over time, by component

Very low (0-10) – Low (11-30) – Medium-low (31-50) – Medium-high (51-70) – High (71-90) – Very high (91-100)

International cooperation and capacity-building

6.a.1 Amount of water- and sanitation-related official development assistance received by Madagascar, over time

6.a.1 Amount of water- and sanitation-related official development assistance received by Madagascar in 2022, by sub-sector

Water and sanitation-related official development assistance includes water sector policy and governance, water supply, sanitation, water sector policy, water resources conservation, river basins development, waste management/disposal, education and training, agricultural water resources and hydroelectric power.

Annual expenditure for drinking water, sanitation and hygiene in Madagascar, by funding source

Community participation

6.b.1 Procedures in law or policy for participation by users/communities and level of participation in Madagascar (2017-2021)

6.b.1 Level of participation by users/communities in Madagascar, progress over time, by sub-sector