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Canada

Location

  • Geographical region: Northern America, Americas
  • SDG region: SDG Europe and Northern America

Land

  • Total area: --- km2
  • Land area: 8,965,590 km(2020)
  • Land use by sector: 6% agriculture, 39% forest and 55% other (2018 - 2020)

People

  • Total population: 38,929,902 people (2022)
  • Population density: 4 people per km2 (2020)  
  • Urbanisation: 80% lives in urban areas and 18% lives in rural areas (2020)  

Economy

  • Total GDP: 1,752,155,424,897 USD per year (2020)
  • GDP per capita: 45,008 USD per year (2020)
  • Value added by sector: 2% from agriculture, 67% from services and 24% from industry (2018 - 2019)
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SDG 6 snapshot in Canada

  • Drinking water

    99 % of the population in Canada uses a safely managed drinking water service (SDG indicator 6.1.1, 2022)
  • Sanitation

    84 % of the population in Canada uses a safely managed sanitation service (SDG indicator 6.2.1a, 2022)
  • Hygiene

    --- % of the population in Canada has a handwashing facility with soap and water available at home (SDG indicator 6.2.1b, 2022)
  • Wastewater

    69 % of domestic wastewater in Canada is safely treated (SDG indicator 6.3.1, 2022)
  • Water quality

    88 % of monitored water bodies in Canada has good ambient water quality (SDG indicator 6.3.2, 2023)
  • Efficiency

    46 $/m<sup>3</sup> is the value added from the use of water by people and the economy in Canada (SDG indicator 6.4.1, 2021)
  • Water stress

    4 % of the renewable water resources in Canada is being withdrawn, after taking into account environmental flow requirements (SDG indicator 6.4.2, 2021)
  • Water management

    73 % is the degree of implementation of integrated water resources management in Canada (SDG indicator 6.5.1, 2023) 
  • Transboundary

    70 % of transboundary basin area has an operational arrangement for water cooperation (SDG indicator 6.5.2, 2023)
  • Ecosystems

    4 % of the water basins in Canada is experiencing rapid changes in the area covered by surface waters (SDG 6 indicator 6.6.1, 2020)
  • Cooperation

    n/a is the amount of water- and sanitation-related official development assistance received by Canada in 2022 (SDG indicator 6.a.1)
  • Participation

    --- is the number of sub-sectors (out of 6) with a high level of participation by communities in Canada (SDG indicator 6.b.1, 2021)

Drinking water

6.1.1 Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services in Canada, progress over time

6.1.1 Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services in Canada, by service level and location (2022)

Sanitation and hygiene

6.2.1a Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services in Canada, progress over time

6.2.1a Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services in Canada, by service level and location (2022)

6.2.1b Proportion of population with a handwashing facility with soap and water available at home in Canada, by service level and location (2022)

Water quality and wastewater

6.3.1 Proportion of wastewater flow (safely) treated > Domestic in Canada (2022), compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

6.3.1 Proportion of wastewater flow (safely) treated in Canada, by source (2015 - 2022)

6.3.2 Level 1 Proportion of bodies of water with good ambient water quality in Canada (2023), compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

Water use and scarcity

Water resources and withdrawal in Canada, total and per capita

Long-term average annual precipitation in depth: 537 (mm/year) (2020)

Renewable water resources: 79,238 m3 per capita (2017)

Water withdrawal: 976 m3 per capita (2015)

Environmental flow requirements: % of the renewable water resources ()

6.4.2 Level of water stress: freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources in Canada, change over time, compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

6.4.1 Change in water-use efficiency over time in Canada, by sector (2020)

Water-use efficiency for ‘Agriculture, forestry and fishing’ only takes into account the proportion of gross value added that comes from irrigated agriculture, since that activity is associated with water withdrawal (other activities are rain-fed).

6.4.1 Change in water-use efficiency over time in Canada, progress over time, compared to other countries (and areas) in the region

Water resources management

6.5.1 Degree of integrated water resources management implementation (0-100) in Canada, progress over time, by dimension

Very low (0-10) – Low (11-30) – Medium-low (31-50) – Medium-high (51-70) – High (71-90) – Very high (91-100)

6.5.2 Proportion of transboundary basin area with an operational arrangement for water cooperation in Canada, progress over time, by component

Very low (0-10) – Low (11-30) – Medium-low (31-50) – Medium-high (51-70) – High (71-90) – Very high (91-100)

International cooperation and capacity-building

Annual expenditure for drinking water, sanitation and hygiene in Canada, by funding source

Community participation

6.b.1 Procedures in law or policy for participation by users/communities and level of participation in Canada

6.b.1 Level of participation by users/communities in Canada, progress over time, by sub-sector